1) Question : An object weighing 500g rests on a flat surface. What is the direction and magnitude of normal force acting on the object
Explanation: Essentially, when an object rests on a surface, it exerts a downward force which is the weight of the object. However, to maintain balance, the surface also exerts an upward force to maintain the balance of the object. This upward force is called the normal force. In this case, we use the formula: Fupward=Fdownward, and since there is no vertical force acting on the object, the upward force is equivalent to the downward force. Weight= mg, = 0.5kgx10 m/s2= 5N
2) Question : An object weighing 500g rests on a flat surface. What is the magnitude of the kinetic friction and static friction respectively, given the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.2 kg/N and coefficient of static friction is 0.35 kg/N
3) Question : A person pulls an object at a direction of 30 degrees as shown below. What are the horizontal and vertical components of the force respectively. Given Pull force= 2N, sin30= 0.5 and cos 30= 0.86
4) Question : A person pulls an object at a direction of 30 degrees as shown below. What is the horizontal acceleration given mass of an object is 5 kg and assume there is no friction force.
Explanation: Use Newton's second law, which says Fxnet=ma. The only force acting on the horizontal direction is the horizontal component of the horizontal force. It was calculated previously to be 1.72 N. Complete the equation as shown below
5) Question : Answers for A person pulls an object at a direction of 30 degrees as shown below. What is the vertical acceleration given mass of an object is 5 kg and assume there is no friction force.
Explanation: This is a tricky question. You have to realize that Fynet= the upward force is calculated to be 1N, the vertical component of the pull force, while the downward force is the weight of the object, which is equal to mg=50N. You can ignore the normal force because once the object is slightly lifted, the normal force is irrelevant because the object no longer touches the ground.
6) Question : A bomb is launched at a 60-degree angle with an initial velocity of 50m/s . What are the horizontal components and vertical components of the initial velocity
Explanation: This is the correct answer.
7) Question : What is special about the horizontal component of a projectile motion
Explanation: This is the correct answer. Air resistance only acts on the vertical component.
8) Question : A bomb is launched at a 60-degree angle with an initial velocity of 50m/s . What distance does it cover after 4 seconds?
Explanation: This is the correct answer. We previously mentioned that it can be assumed that the horizontal component is constant, so we can use the formula, velocity= displacement/ time, and rewrite it as displacement= velocity x time. explain it in this way
Explanation: Wrong unit
9) Question : A bomb is launched at a 60-degree angle with an initial velocity of 50m/s. What is the time required to reach the maximum height?
Explanation: This is the correct answer. We are only focusing at the vertical component of the velocity. Use vy= voy+at, and we know that at maximum height, vy= zero. We know that the acceleration is downward due to gravity acting downward, which is equal -10 m/s2. Thus, we can substitute for the values to find the time it takes to reach the maximum height
10) Question : A bomb is launched at a 60-degree angle with an initial velocity of 50m/s. What is the total time required to reach the ground again. This can be solved in two methods
Explanation: This can be solved in two ways. First, as calculated before, the time required to reach the maximum height is 4.33 seconds. To reach the ground again, it has to go again from the maximum height to the ground. This involve going from ground--> maximum height and then maximum height--> ground again. So, it is 4.33 x2 = 8.66 seconds. However, note that this only works for the object is initally launch from the ground. The second way can be calculated from nusing the equation: y-yo= voyt -1/2gt^2. Note the original equation is y-yo= voy+1/2gt^2, but it is negative -1/2g in this case since acceleration is gravity which is downward.
11) Question : A bomb is launched at a 60-degree angle with an initial velocity of 50m/s. What is the maximum height that can be reached?
Explanation: This is the correct answer. Use the new formula provided below.
12) Question : What is a centripetal force
Explanation: A centripetal force is the net force required to keep an object moving in a circular path at a constant speed. This force acts inward, toward the center of the circle, and is responsible for continuously changing the direction of the object’s velocity, allowing it to follow a curved trajectory. It also prevents the object from drifting off the curved trajectory.
13) Question : A car is traveling along a circular path with a mass of 3000 kg and a speed of 30m/s at a radius of 10 m. Determine the angular acceleration and the centripetal force acting on the car.
14) Question : A person is forcefully pulling a heavy object to the right. However, despite exerting a high pulling force, the object did not move. What could explain this phenomenon?
Explanation: Static friction acts to prevent motion, and once motion begins, kinetic friction takes over. However, to initiate motion, static friction comes into play to prevent the initiation of motion.
Explanation: The coefficient of static friction is a property of the materials in contact and does not change due to applied force. Thus, static friction only depends on the material and not any external force
Explanation: In order to move an object, the pulling force might exceed the static friction. The force applied is not sufficient to overcome static friction, so the object does not move.
Explanation: A perfectly smooth surface would reduce friction, making it easier to move the object, not harder.
15) Question : A person is pulling a sled across a flat, snowy surface. Despite continuously applying a pulling force, the sled moves at a constant speed. What could explain this phenomenon?
Explanation: If the pulling force were greater than the kinetic friction force, there would be a net force, causing the sled to accelerate, not move at constant speed.
Explanation: When the pulling force exactly matches the kinetic friction force, the sled moves at a constant speed because the net force is zero( Fnet=0). This aligns with Newton's First Law of Motion.
Explanation: Kinetic friction is independent of speed; it depends only on the coefficient of kinetic friction and the normal force.
Explanation: The weight of the sled (and thus the normal force) does not change unless external factors (e.g., mass removal or a vertical lifting force) are involved. Pulling alone does not alter weight or friction in this context.
16) Question : A person pushes a heavy crate across a rough floor. As they push harder, the crate starts moving, and then they reduce their force slightly but maintain constant speed. What can explain this behavior?
Explanation: Static friction resists motion when the crate is stationary. Once the crate starts moving, only kinetic friction resists the motion, which is usually smaller than static friction. A reduced force is sufficient to maintain constant speed.
Explanation: The coefficient of friction is a property of the materials in contact and does not change when motion begins
Explanation: The weight of the crate does not change during motion unless external forces, like lifting, are applied
Explanation: Kinetic friction always acts against motion as long as the surfaces are in contact
17) Question : A car is driving at a constant speed on a road. If the engine stops providing power, the car eventually comes to a stop due to friction. What type of friction is primarily responsible?
Explanation: Static friction is what prevents tires from slipping during rotation, not what slows the car down.
Explanation: Once the engine stops, the car's motion is resisted by kinetic friction at the contact point between the tires and road, particularly if the wheels skid.
Explanation: Rolling friction is a smaller force compared to kinetic friction and does not account for the complete stop
Explanation: While air resistance contributes to slowing down, it is not the primary force responsible for stopping the car completely on a flat road. It is too negligible to be considered
18) Question : A block slides down an inclined plane at a constant speed. What can you conclude about the relationship between forces acting on the block
Explanation: If the block moves at constant speed, the downhill gravitational pull is perfectly balanced by the opposing kinetic friction
Explanation: If gravity were stronger, the block would accelerate instead of maintaining constant speed.
Explanation: The normal force is only a vertical force and not a horizontal force. So, it is unrelated to the horizontal force.
Explanation: The coefficient of kinetic friction is rarely greater than 1, as that would imply extremely high resistance, which is not typical for most surfaces
19) Question : A hockey puck slides across the ice and gradually slows down. What is the best explanation for why the puck slows down?
Explanation: While friction generates heat, the puck slows primarily due to kinetic friction, not melting ice.
Explanation: Static friction only resists initial motion, not ongoing motion
Explanation: Even though ice has low friction, kinetic friction is present and opposes the puck’s motion, gradually reducing its speed.
Explanation: The weight of the puck remains constant, and weight does not directly increase friction once motion begins.